Vue 原理-Keep-Alive

正确打开方式：动态组件
缓存实现和更新
生命周期处理：
props: include/exclude, max 处理
max属性，结合LRU算法来控制最大缓存数量

2021.3.23 星期二

keep-alive是一个抽象组件：它自身不会渲染一个DOM元素，也不会出现在父组件链中；使用keep-alive包裹动态组件时，会缓存不活动的组件实例，而不是销毁它们。

使用

<!-- 1 -->
<keep-alive>
    <coma v-if="test"></coma>
    <comb v-else="test"></comb>
</keep-alive>
<button @click="test = !this.test;">请点击</button>
<!-- 2 -->
<keep-alive :include="whiteList" :exclude="blackList" :max="amount">
     <component :is="currentComponent"></component>
</keep-alive>
<!-- 3 -->
<keep-alive :include="whiteList" :exclude="blackList" :max="amount">
    <router-view></router-view>
</keep-alive>

源码解析

src/core/components/keep-alive.js

SMTC

生命周期： created， destroyed， mounted
render。<keep-alive> 直接实现了 render 函数，而不是我们常规模板的方式

export default {
  name: 'keep-alive',
  abstract: true,

  props: {
    include: patternTypes,
    exclude: patternTypes,
    max: [String, Number]
  },

  created () {
    this.cache = Object.create(null)
    this.keys = []
  },

  destroyed () {
    for (const key in this.cache) {
      pruneCacheEntry(this.cache, key, this.keys)
    }
  },

  mounted () {
    this.$watch('include', val => {
      pruneCache(this, name => matches(val, name))
    })
    this.$watch('exclude', val => {
      pruneCache(this, name => !matches(val, name))
    })
  },

  render () {
    const slot = this.$slots.default
    const vnode: VNode = getFirstComponentChild(slot)
    const componentOptions: ?VNodeComponentOptions = vnode && vnode.componentOptions
    if (componentOptions) {
      // check pattern
      const name: ?string = getComponentName(componentOptions)
      const { include, exclude } = this
      if (
        // not included
        (include && (!name || !matches(include, name))) ||
        // excluded
        (exclude && name && matches(exclude, name))
      ) {
        return vnode
      }

      const { cache, keys } = this
      const key: ?string = vnode.key == null
        // same constructor may get registered as different local components
        // so cid alone is not enough (#3269)
        ? componentOptions.Ctor.cid + (componentOptions.tag ? `::${componentOptions.tag}` : '')
        : vnode.key
      if (cache[key]) {
        vnode.componentInstance = cache[key].componentInstance
        // make current key freshest
        remove(keys, key)
        keys.push(key)
      } else {
        cache[key] = vnode
        keys.push(key)
        // prune oldest entry
        if (this.max && keys.length > parseInt(this.max)) {
          pruneCacheEntry(cache, keys[0], keys, this._vnode)
        }
      }

      vnode.data.keepAlive = true
    }
    return vnode || (slot && slot[0])
  }
}


// 逻辑很简单，观测他们的变化执行 pruneCache 函数，其实就是对 cache 做遍历，发现缓存的节点名称和新的规则没有匹配上的时候，就把这个缓存节点从缓存中摘除。
function pruneCache (keepAliveInstance: any, filter: Function) {
  const { cache, keys, _vnode } = keepAliveInstance
  for (const key in cache) {
    const cachedNode: ?VNode = cache[key]
    if (cachedNode) {
      const name: ?string = getComponentName(cachedNode.componentOptions)
      if (name && !filter(name)) {
        pruneCacheEntry(cache, key, keys, _vnode)
      }
    }
  }
}


// 除了从缓存中删除外，还要判断如果要删除的缓存并的组件 tag 不是当前渲染组件 tag，也执行删除缓存的组件实例的 $destroy 方法。
function pruneCacheEntry (
  cache: VNodeCache,
  key: string,
  keys: Array<string>,
  current?: VNode
) {
  const cached = cache[key]
  if (cached && (!current || cached.tag !== current.tag)) {
    cached.componentInstance.$destroy()
  }
  cache[key] = null 
  remove(keys, key)
}

组件渲染

关注 2 个方面，首次渲染和缓存渲染。

生命周期

在渲染的最后一步，会执行 invokeInsertHook(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, isInitialPatch) 函数执行 vnode 的 insert 钩子函数，

const componentVNodeHooks = {
  insert (vnode: MountedComponentVNode) {
    const { context, componentInstance } = vnode
    if (!componentInstance._isMounted) {
      componentInstance._isMounted = true
      callHook(componentInstance, 'mounted')
    }
    if (vnode.data.keepAlive) {
      if (context._isMounted) {
        // vue-router#1212
        // During updates, a kept-alive component's child components may
        // change, so directly walking the tree here may call activated hooks
        // on incorrect children. Instead we push them into a queue which will
        // be processed after the whole patch process ended.
        queueActivatedComponent(componentInstance)
      } else {
        activateChildComponent(componentInstance, true /* direct */)
      }
    }
  },
  // ...



  destroy (vnode: MountedComponentVNode) {
    const { componentInstance } = vnode
    if (!componentInstance._isDestroyed) {
      if (!vnode.data.keepAlive) {
        componentInstance.$destroy()
      } else {
        deactivateChildComponent(componentInstance, true /* direct */)
      }
    }
  }
}